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A rischio l'80% dei guadagni per i principali 4 browser Web

A rischio l'80% dei guadagni per i principali 4 browser Web

I principali browser web, tra cui Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox e Apple Safari, sono finanziati in gran parte da Google, che paga per mantenere Google Search come motore di ricerca predefinito su questi browser.

Sono quattro i browser Web più utilizzati in assoluto, che dominano il mercato: Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox ed Apple Safari. Ciò che molti utenti non sanno è che Google finanzia oltre l’80% dello sviluppo di tutti questi browser. L’azienda di Mountain View paga Mozilla e Apple per fare in modo che Google Search sia il motore di ricerca predefinito su Firefox e Safari.

Ogni anno, Google verserebbe circa 18 miliardi di dollari ad Apple e 450 milioni a Mozilla. Secondo quanto riportato, nel 2021 questi pagamenti rappresentavano l’83% delle entrate di Mozilla. Ed è proprio per questo motivo che la fondazione si è apertamente schierata contro la vendita forzosa di Google Chrome.

Anche se Apple non divulga esattamente l’ammontare dei suoi investimenti in Safari, nel 2023 il budget di ricerca e sviluppo complessivo per i suoi prodotti (iPhone, Mac, ecc.) è stato di quasi 30 miliardi di dollari. I 18 miliardi di dollari che Google paga per la sola posizione di ricerca rappresentano una cifra sbalorditiva che copre una percentuale significativa del budget destinato allo sviluppo di Safari.

Tuttavia, questo flusso di finanziamenti potrebbe improvvisamente venire meno, poiché il Dipartimento di Giustizia USA (DoJ) sta cercando di forzare Google a interrompere il suo supporto finanziario ai concorrenti, un passo che potrebbe paralizzare lo sviluppo di tutti i principali browser.

Perdita di fondi per tutti i principali browser

Il Dipartimento di Giustizia USA sostiene che a Google debba essere vietato di stipulare accordi con Mozilla ed Apple nell’ambito della ricerca online.

Mozilla e Apple si sono opposte a questa proposta, ma se l’azione dovesse andare a buon fine, Microsoft Edge perderebbe il 94% dei suoi fondi, mentre gli altri browser principali perderanno tutti i finanziamenti provenienti da Google.

Secondo il DoJ, le pratiche di Google violerebbero la normativa antitrust, in quanto impediscono la concorrenza leale, sostenendo indirettamente la posizione dominante di Chrome.

Se Google dovesse essere costretta a vendere Chrome e a cessare il finanziamento dei suoi “concorrenti”, non solo la posizione di Google sarebbe danneggiata, ma tutti i principali browser perderebbero il supporto economico che permette loro di esistere e progredire.

Gli effetti negativi all’orizzonte

Sebbene le intenzioni del DoJ siano quelle di rafforzare la concorrenza, le azioni intraprese potrebbero presto restituirci una realtà ben diversa.

La regolamentazione che mira a contrastare il presunto monopolio, potrebbe avere effetti collaterali incisivi, rischiando di minare la qualità e la sostenibilità dei principali strumenti di navigazione che milioni di utenti utilizzano quotidianamente. La stabilità dell’ecosistema Web è seriamente in discussione.

Se prendiamo in considerazione Microsoft Edge, anche il browser che l’azienda di Redmond preinstalla in Windows è a sua volta basato sul progetto open source Chromium che Google mantiene. Sebbene Microsoft contribuisca al progetto Chromium, la sua partecipazione è nettamente inferiore rispetto a quella di Google, che nel 2024 ha effettuato oltre 100.000 modifiche, pari al 94% dei contributi.

La fine dei finanziamenti da parte di Google – imposta per legge – non solo punirebbe l’azienda, ma porrebbe seri interrogativi sull’esistenza dei browser concorrenti di Chrome.

Credit immagine in apertura: iStock.com – filo

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