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ChatGPT e sostenibilità: ogni 5 prompt viene perso mezzo litro d'acqua

ChatGPT e sostenibilità: ogni 5 prompt viene perso mezzo litro d'acqua

ChatGPT e sostenibilità, quanto costa l'Intelligenza Artificiale in termini di acqua? Ecco un'interessante (e preoccupante) ricerca.

I ricercatori dell’Università della California, attraverso un report, hanno evidenziato con la crescita della popolarità dell’Intelligenza Artificiale potrebbe comportare un impatto ambientale significativo.

L’Associated Press ha riferito di uno studio preliminare dell’Università, che indica che solo cinque query ChatGPT possono comportare il consumo di mezzo litro di acqua nel data center di Microsoft in Iowa. Lo studio tiene in considerazione tutti gli utilizzi d’acqua in questo conteso: dall’energia elettrica che supporta i server fino a quella utilizzata per raffreddare i server.

Di fatto, si ripresenta una situazione simile a quella verificatasi anni fa nel contesto delle criptovalute. Le operazioni di mining, infatti, ha un impatto che troppo spesso viene scarsamente considerato. A rendere la situazione ancora più difficile, secondo l’Associated Press, vi è il fatto che le società che gestiscono i server sono restie a fornire dati concreti sui consumi reali.

I data center di Microsoft in Iowa sono uno dei principali motori dietro gran parte della recente espansione dell’elaborazione dell’intelligenza artificiale.  Il sistema, presentato per la prima volta nel 2020, è alimentato da oltre 285.000 core CPU AMD InfiniBand e 10.000 GPU.

La sostenibilità di ChatGPT: energia e elettrica e raffreddamento dei server

I dati mostrano che dal 2021 al 2022, il consumo di acqua di Microsoft in Iowa è aumentato del 34%. I ricercatori dell’UC attribuiscono questo aumento alla crescita dell’IA e alla tecnologia connessa.

Va tenuto conto che, il range di prompt gestiti con mezzo litro di acqua variano da 5 a 50.  Ad influire in modo così consistente sui consumi vi è la posizione del server e le condizioni meteorologiche. È interessante notare che non viene menzionata alcuna correlazione tra la complessità delle query e il consumo di acqua o elettricità.

Tuttavia, le stime di cui sopra includono “l’utilizzo indiretto di acqua“, non conteggiato dalle aziende coinvolte, come l’utilizzo di acqua dalle centrali elettriche che forniscono elettricità ai data center. I responsabili di OpenAI, dal canto loro, hanno ammesso che “L’addestramento di modelli di grandi dimensioni può richiedere un uso intensivo di energia e acqua“, anche se, trattandosi di una tecnologia in crescita, si sta lavorando anche per limitare il consumo di questa importante risorsa.

In questo contesto, poi, va considerato che lo stato dell’Iowa è dopotutto una location ideale per questi server. Qui, per gran parte dell’anno il clima è abbastanza fresco da consentire una ventilazione dell’edificio sufficiente per il raffreddamento dei server. L’impianto inizia ad attingere acqua dalla rete elettrica solo quando il clima raggiunge i 29,3 gradi.

Una situazione, dunque, destinata a far parlare a lungo. In un mondo dove in molti si stanno sforzando di raggiungere un alto livello di ecosostenibilità, le nuove tecnologie sembrano troppo spesso andare controtendenza e l’impatto ambientale di ChatGPT rappresenta appieno questo controsenso.

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