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Cloudflare: prestazioni migliorate del 145% con i chip AMD EPYC Genoa-X

Cloudflare: prestazioni migliorate del 145% con i chip AMD EPYC Genoa-X

Cloudflare ha aggiornato i suoi server con i processori AMD EPYC Genoa-X, ottenendo un incremento delle prestazioni del 145% e un miglioramento dell'efficienza del 63%. I nuovi server "Gen 12", dotati del processore EPYC 9684X a 96 core, hanno mostrato aumenti delle prestazioni eccezionali, grazie anche alla tecnologia 3D V-Cache.

Che AMD “ruggisca” sempre più in ambito server non è certo una novità. Cloudflare ha recentemente potenziato la sua infrastruttura server integrando i processori EPYC Genoa-X, caratterizzati dalla rivoluzionaria tecnologia 3D V-Cache. Stando alle valutazioni condivise dall’azienda guidata da Matthew Prince, l’aggiornamento ha portato a risultati eccezionali, con un incremento del 145% delle prestazioni e un miglioramento dell’efficienza del 63% rispetto alla precedente generazione di server, anch’essa alimentata con i chip EPYC.

I nuovi server Cloudflare basati su chip AMD EPYC Genoa-X

I nuovi server, denominati “Gen 12“, sono equipaggiati con il processore AMD EPYC 9684X a 96 core, che vanta oltre 1 GB di cache L3. La configurazione comprende 384 GB di memoria DDR5 operante a 4800 MHz in una configurazione a 12 canali, oltre a SSD dual E1.S NVMe disponibili in varianti da 7,68 TB (Samsung PM9A3 o Micron 7450 Pro). Le capacità di networking sono potenziate utilizzando interfacce 25 GbE Intel o Nvidia Mellanox.

Prima di focalizzarsi sul modello 9684X, Cloudflare ha condotto un’analisi del panorama delle CPU per identificare il modello più adatto alle proprie esigenze. Dopo aver valutato numerosi candidati, l’azienda ha scelto di concentrarsi su tre processori AMD, escludendo qualsiasi opzione Intel Xeon. Tra i modelli considerati c’erano l’EPYC 9654, l’EPYC 9754 e l’EPYC 9684X, con quest’ultimo che ha infine ottenuto la preferenza.

Il 9654 è una variante standard con 96 core, 192 thread e 384 MB di cache L3, mentre il 9754, basato sulla tecnologia Zen 4c, offre 128 core e 256 thread con 256 MB di cache L3. Il 9684X presenta specifiche simili al 9654, ma con una dimensione della cache L3 davvero impressionante, pari a ben 1.152 MB.

Prestazioni a confronti con i server di precedente generazione

Le prestazioni dei nuovi processori sono state messe a confronto con quelle dei server precedentemente in uso presso Cloudflare. Si tratta di macchine basate su chip AMD EPYC 7713 a 64 core.

I nuovi chip sono stati testati con carichi di lavoro reali, configurati per eseguire gli stessi processi e servizi dei server di produzione. I risultati dei benchmark hanno rivelato che tutti e tre i nuovi processori superano significativamente le prestazioni dell’EPYC 7713: il 9654 ha mostrato un aumento delle prestazioni pari al 200%, il 9754 ha raggiunto il 215%, mentre il 9684X ha raggiunto un impressionante 245%.

In termini di efficienza energetica, le nuove CPU hanno dimostrato notevoli miglioramenti, con il 9654 che risulta essere il 33% più efficiente rispetto all’EPYC 7713, il 9754 con un miglioramento del 38% e il 9684X, il più efficiente, con un +63%.

Cloudflare ha sottolineato i vantaggi significativi apportati dalla tecnologia 3D V-Cache di AMD, evidenziando un miglioramento delle prestazioni del 22,5% tra il 9654 e il 9684X nei test effettuati. Questo ha consentito di ottimizzare l’accesso alla cache di basso livello, riducendo la necessità di ricorrere alla memoria DDR5, che introduce latenza nel sistema.

Tecnologia AMD 3D V-Cache

Una delle innovazioni più azzeccate di AMD è sicuramente la tecnologia 3D V-Cache: essa migliora le prestazioni attraverso l’uso di una cache tridimensionale. Al di sopra del chip di calcolo principale, infatti, AMD impila una quantità significativa di cache SRAM (Static Random Access Memory). Il processo è noto con il nome di chip stacking.

La soluzione aumenta notevolmente la quantità di cache disponibile, senza ingrandire l’area del die del processore, permettendo così una maggiore densità e prestazioni migliorate. La latenza nella comunicazione tra CPU e cache si riduce. Inoltre, allo stesso tempo, cresce la larghezza di banda complessiva.

Il processore Ryzen 7 5800X3D è stato il primo a implementare questa tecnologia, offrendo 96 MB di cache L3, con 64 MB aggiuntivi forniti dalla 3D V-Cache.

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