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Commodore 64 più veloce di un quantum computer IBM: lanciata la provocazione

Commodore 64 più veloce di un quantum computer IBM: lanciata la provocazione

Secondo alcuni accademici lo storico Commodore 64 permetterebbe di risolvere problemi gestiti con un quantum computer IBM, garantendo un buon grado di approssimazione. La ricerca, ovviamente, va presa per quella che è: tra il serio e il faceto.

La conferenza SIGBOVIK (Special Interest Group on Harry Q. Bovik) è un evento accademico annuale organizzato dalla Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science (USA). Si tratta di un’iniziativa che celebra dichiaratamente l’approccio umoristico nel campo dell’informatica e delle scienze informatiche. Durante SIGBOVIK, gli universitari presentano articoli e progetti che spesso mescolano satira e parodie con argomenti tecnici seri. L’obiettivo principale non è tanto la produzione di una ricerca rigorosa, ma piuttosto l’esplorazione creativa di idee interessanti, buffe o insolite nel campo dell’informatica.

Il termine “Quantum advantage” si riferisce al momento in cui i computer quantistici superano i computer classici nell’esecuzione di determinati compiti. IBM è attivamente coinvolta nello sviluppo di tecnologie quantistiche avanzate e ha raggiunto importanti traguardi nel settore. Di recente, ad esempio, Big Blue ha presentato i suoi processori quantistici Condor a 1.121 qubit.

Commodore 64 contro un sistema quantistico IBM Eagle a 127 qubit

Il processore quantistico IBM Eagle, svelato nel 2023, ha suscitato interesse per la sua capacità di ridurre il rumore e gli errori, due dei principali ostacoli da superare per rendere i computer quantistici più utili e affidabili. Eagle è stato il primo a superare la soglia dei 100 qubit (in un altro articolo vediamo cosa sono i qubit) e fu presentato accanto al sistema modulare System Two.

A pagina 199 e seguenti del white paper presentato durante SIGBOVIK 2024, gli autori del testo ambiscono a dimostrare come un Commodore 64 possa rivelarsi più performante, a distanza di più di 40 anni, rispetto a un moderno computer quantistico.

La premessa fatta dei relatori del progetto Qommodore 64 è che si tratta, ovviamente, di uno scherzo che però ha un netto sapore di provocazione. L’esperimento si basa sull’utilizzo della tecnica di dinamica sparsa di Pauli, sviluppata da Beguŝić, Hejazi e Chan per approssimare il comportamento dei materiali ferromagnetici.

La provocazione scherzosa: Quantum Disadvantage

IBM sosteneva che i calcoli alla base di questi studi fossero troppo complessi da svolgere su un computer tradizionale basato sull’utilizzo del codice binario. Almeno con una precisione definita come “accettabile”. In realtà, altri ricercatori hanno dimostrato che basta un normale notebook per ottenere risultati attendibili, con un’approssimazione più che sufficiente.

Prendendo in giro IBM (il titolo del lavoro, “Quantum Disadvantage“, è un chiaro indizio…), gli autori dello studio arrivano a concludere che addirittura un Commodore 64 può fornire un output accettabile per la risoluzione della specifica problematica. Il tutto impegnando solamente 15 KB dei 64 KB disponibile sullo storico sistema retrò e appoggiandosi alla CPU MOS 6510 a 8 bit e 1 MHz.

Il lavoro non va inteso come una mancanza di rispetto nei confronti del team di IBM e dei risultati conseguiti, ma come una risposta scherzosa a una sfida lanciata da Dulwich Quantum su Twitter. Gli autori di Qommodore 64 fanno sapere, comunque, che forniranno il codice sorgente per consentire a chiunque di replicare i risultati. Il codice sorgente, tuttavia, sarà fornito solo in uno dei tre formati previsti, affermano scherzosamente: “una copia scritta a mano su papiro, una presentazione basata su immagini sfocate registrati su nastro VHS o tramite dettatura telefonica“.

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