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Diritto alla riparazione in Europa: entrano in vigore le nuove norme

Diritto alla riparazione in Europa: entrano in vigore le nuove norme

A fine luglio scorso sono entrate in vigore le nuove norme europee in materia di diritto alla riparazione. Quali sono le principali novità che interessano utenti finali e produttori di dispositivi elettronici.

L’Unione Europea ha intrapreso varie iniziative per ridurre gli sprechi, ampliare i diritti dei consumatori ed evitare lo sperpero di risorse. Uno degli interventi più importanti riguarda il cosiddetto diritto alla riparazione, concetto che mira ad assicurare agli utenti la possibilità di riparare i propri prodotti, anche in autonomia e senza rivolgersi ai centri specializzati, piuttosto che sostituirli, riducendo così l’impatto ambientale e promuovendo la sostenibilità.

Il 30 luglio 2024, è entrata in vigore una nuova direttiva “Directive on Common Regulations to Facilitate the Repair of Products“: il provvedimento mira a facilitare la riparazione dei beni e impedire lo smaltimento prematuro di prodotti riparabili.

Il contenuto della direttiva europea in materia di diritto alla riparazione

In passato si è parlato ampiamente della direttiva in tema di diritto alla riparazione. Riassumiamo il suo contenuto, tenendo presente che seppur in vigore dallo scorso 30 luglio, gli Stati membri sono chiamati a tradurne il testo in provvedimenti nazionali entro e non oltre il 31 luglio 2026.

Innanzi tutto, i produttori non possono utilizzare clausole o tecnologie hardware o software che impediscano le riparazioni. La normativa europea spazza quindi via tutte le misure adottate da diversi vendor che ostacolavano le riparazioni eseguite all’infuori dei centri di assistenza autorizzati. Ad esempio, quindi, il software non può più bloccare l’uso di parti sostitutive non installate da personale non autorizzato.

Se il costo di riparazione di un prodotto durante il periodo di garanzia fosse uguale o inferiore al costo di sostituzione, il venditore è obbligato a ripristinare gratis il dispositivo entro un periodo di tempo ragionevole, senza causare disagi al consumatore. In caso di riparazioni anziché sostituzioni, la garanzia del prodotto è estesa di un anno.

Inoltre, i produttori devono fornire parti di ricambio e strumenti a un prezzo equo, nonché condividere informazioni sui servizi di riparazione disponibili.

Una speciale piattaforma online fornirà informazioni per i consumatori e renderà semplice accedere alle riparazioni. L’iniziativa vede protagonista l’Unione Europea che intende così promuovere le riparazioni e aggiornare l’elenco dei prodotti soggetti all’obbligo di riparazione.

Infine, ciascun Paese dell’Unione è chiamato a introdurre almeno una misura utile a promuovere le riparazioni dei dispositivi elettronici.

Le altre iniziative europee

La direttiva in materia di diritto alla riparazione si inserisce nel quadro del Green Deal Europeo: l’obiettivo consiste nel migliorare la soddisfazione dei cittadini, nel quotidiano, attraverso l’adozione di politiche sostenibili.

Tra le precedenti iniziative, la proposta di legge che mira ad assicurare una maggiore durata delle batterie dei moderni smartphone, la regolamentazione che vuole obbligare i produttori di dispositivi mobili all’utilizzo di batterie sostituibili e la prescrizione del caricabatterie universale basato su interfaccia USB-C.

Credit immagine in apertura: Copilot Designer

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