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Età minima WhatsApp scende a 13 anni: la polveriera chiamata age verification

Età minima WhatsApp scende a 13 anni: la polveriera chiamata age verification

WhatsApp abbassa i requisiti minimi di età per l'utilizzo del client di messaggistica: nell'Unione Europea si passa da 16 a 13 anni. Il tema della verifica dell'età resta comunque un nodo cruciale e spinoso.

L’applicazione di messaggistica istantanea più utilizzata al mondo ha deciso di rendere meno severa una limitazione che ne regolava l’utilizzo. L’età minima Whatsapp fino a qualche giorno fa era pari a 16 anni: ciò significa che, termini di servizio alla mano, i più giovani non possono installare l’applicazione.

WhatsApp ha appena comunicato di aver esteso la possibilità di servirsi della piattaforma di messaggistica anche agli utenti di età inferiore a 16 anni. Dall’11 aprile 2024, i residenti in Europa e Regno Unito debbono avere almeno 13 anni, non più 16, per usare WhatsApp.

Meta è seduta sulla polveriera age verification con la modifica appena applicata a WhatsApp

La scelta di abbassare a 13 anni la soglia minima per l’installazione e l’utilizzo di WhatsApp è una decisione forte, che già sta facendo discutere molto.

Le principali associazioni che si occupano della tutela dei minori osservano che con la decisione appena maturata, e formalizzata in queste pagine, Meta lancia un messaggio inequivocabile. L’azienda fondata da Mark Zuckerberg sembra indicare implicitamente che la messaggistica è sicura e che quindi non vi sono rischi per gli utenti più giovani, neppure nella prima adolescenza.

Come sappiamo, questo non può corrispondere al vero. Anche a seconda delle impostazioni di WhatsApp, non è esclusa la ricezione di messaggi offensivi, da parte di sconosciuti o di soggetti che cercano di porre in essere pratiche illecite.

Meta ha allineato i termini di utilizzo del suo servizio, estendendolo anche ai 13enni, alle condizioni da tempo in vigore in altri Paesi del mondo.

La verifica dell’età resta un punto interrogativo

In Europa le Autorità garanti per la protezione dei dati personali stanno sempre più concentrandosi sulla corretta implementazioni di meccanismi volti al controllo dell’età (age verification).

L’UE accusa TikTok di non bloccare il servizio ai più piccoli ma anche molti altri fornitori di servizi e contenuti online non sembrano fare abbastanza su questo specifico tema. Un semplice Sì/No alla richiesta “Sei maggiorenne?” può effettivamente tradursi in un approccio troppo semplicistico al problema.

Guardatevi intorno. Se avete figli che frequentano gli ultimi anni della scuola primaria (per non parlare delle medie…), quanti dei loro coetanei utilizzano già WhatsApp?

Non vogliamo addentrarci nelle valutazioni di tipo didattico, educativo, psicologico e sociale. Certamente non ci competono. Ma se si fosse risposto “tanti” alla domanda precedente, è chiaro che il meccanismo di age verification non funziona. Troppo facile dichiarare di essere almeno 16enne (adesso, 13enne) e proseguire con l’utilizzo dell’app.

L’idea di SPID era e resta buona, a dispetto della recente virata sulla CIE (Carta d’Identità Elettronica, in un altro articolo vediamo le differenze tra SPID e CIE). Questo meccanismo (fornito sperimentalmente anche ai minori) consente di offrire a qualunque provider, non solo gli enti pubblici ma anche i privati, attestazione circa la reale identità dell’utente. Peraltro fornendo solo questo dato, senza necessità di condividere altre informazioni personali (principio di minimizzazione dei dati previsto dal GDPR).

Quello che vogliamo dire è che se si volesse effettuare una verifica seria sull’età degli utenti, a certificarla deve necessariamente essere un soggetto terzo, sopra le parti e affidabile. Non è possibile accontentarsi di un semplice “Sì” alla richiesta “Ho più di X anni – Entra“. Alcuni sistemi di parental control sono efficaci ma i genitori sono in grado di configurarli correttamente?

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