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Come bloccare celle su Excel con il simbolo del dollaro | IlSoftware.it

Come bloccare celle su Excel con il simbolo del dollaro

L'importanza del simbolo del dollaro ($) in Excel per gestire i riferimenti di cella nelle formule. Come usare i riferimenti assoluti e misti per mantenere fissi i valori desiderati durante la copia delle formule. Attraverso esempi pratici, si evidenziano i vantaggi di una corretta gestione dei riferimenti, contribuendo così a semplificare le operazioni quotidiane nei fogli di calcolo.

Quando scrivete una formula in Excel quindi la trascinate sulle colonne o sulle righe vicine, il foglio elettronico applica lo stesso criterio accrescendo automaticamente righe e colonne. Il simbolo del dollaro ($) è fondamentale, nei fogli elettronici, per bloccare le celle su Excel e gestire i riferimenti di cella nelle formule.

Nello specifico, il simbolo $ si utilizza per inserire riferimenti assoluti nelle formule Excel. Un riferimento assoluto indica a Excel che si desidera mantenere fisso un riferimento a una specifica cella, anche quando la formula è applicata su altre celle. Ad esempio, attraverso la classica operazione di trascinamento agendo sul quadretto presente nell’angolo inferiore destro di una cella.

Riferimenti alle celle Excel: come funzionano

Quando si lavora con formule che devono sempre fare riferimento ai dati in una cella specifica, come nel caso di un moltiplicatore o di un valore costante, i riferimenti assoluti e il simbolo del dollaro sono essenziali.

Per impostazione predefinita, se si utilizza A1 in una formula e si copia la formula in un’altra cella, il riferimento cambierà automaticamente (ad esempio, diventerà A2, A3, A4 e così via oppure B1, C1, D1,…).

Servendosi del riferimento assoluto, quindi usando ad esempio $A$1, il riferimento rimarrà sempre alla cella A1, indipendentemente da dove si copia la formula nel foglio elettronico.

Un riferimento misto, come può essere $A1 (colonna bloccata, riga relativa) o A$1 (colonna relativa, riga bloccata), è invece una soluzione che autorizza Excel (ma anche gli altri software analoghi) a modificare, rispettivamente, riga e colonna tenendo invece fermo l’altro valore.

Cosa significa bloccare le celle Excel e come si fa

Parlando di formule Excel, come abbiamo visto, bloccare le celle si riferisce all’utilizzo del simbolo del dollaro ($) nei riferimenti di cella. Questo tipo di blocco garantisce che quando si copia una formula in altre celle, i riferimenti alle certe celle non cambino. L’utilizzo di riferimenti assoluti e misti è particolarmente utile quando si eseguono calcoli che devono sempre fare riferimento a determinati dati.

Supponiamo di avere il valore 100 in A1 e di volerlo moltiplicare per 2 in B1, mantenendo sempre il riferimento a A1. La formula in B1 può essere scritta in questo modo: =$A$1*2

Copiando B1 in B2, la formula in B2 rimarrà =$A$1*2, continuando a fare riferimento al valore di A1.

Supponiamo di avere una tabella con le vendite mensili e un obiettivo di vendita che varia a seconda del prodotto:

Prodotto Vendite Obiettivo Risultato
ABC 500 600 Non Raggiunto
DEF 700 400 Raggiunto
GHI 550 700 Non Raggiunto
LMN 800 350 Raggiunto

In D2, la formula per calcolare se l’obiettivo è raggiunto sarà:

=SE(B2 >= $C2; "Raggiunto"; "Non Raggiunto")

Dove $C2 è il riferimento misto all’obiettivo di vendita. Trascinando la formula verso il basso, Excel tiene fisso il riferimento alla colonna C (contenente i valori di obiettivo) mentre il valore della riga varia (C2, C3, C4, C5,…).

Bloccare celle Excel con riferimento misto

Conclusioni

In definitiva, padroneggiando l’utilizzo del simbolo del dollaro, quando necessario si possono mantenere fissi i riferimenti necessari nelle formule. In questo modo le operazioni svolte nei fogli di calcolo si semplificano notevolmente.

Utilizzare correttamente il simbolo del dollaro, soprattutto quando si parla di riferimenti misti, può snellire significativamente la gestione dei dati e migliorare l’efficienza delle operazioni quotidiane in Excel.

Credit immagine in apertura: iStock.com – juststock

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