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GPU Apple Silicon: ecco il primo driver compatibile da Asahi Linux

GPU Apple Silicon: ecco il primo driver compatibile da Asahi Linux

Cos'è il driver grafico rilasciato da Asahi Linux per i chip Apple Silicon (M1 e M2) derivati dalla piattaforma ARM e perché è così importante.
GPU Apple Silicon: ecco il primo driver compatibile da Asahi Linux

Apple Silicon è il termine utilizzato per descrivere la serie di chip (SoC, System-on-a-Chip) sviluppati dagli ingegneri della Mela e basati sull’architettura ARM. La società guidata da Tim Cook ha annunciato ufficialmente il suo piano di transizione dai processori Intel ai SoC Apple Silicon per i suoi sistemi Mac durante la Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) di giugno 2020. La GPU Apple Silicon integrata nei chip dei Mac è per lungo tempo rimasta un “oggetto sconosciuto”.

A distanza di tre anni dallo storico annuncio di Apple, tuttavia, gli sviluppatori di Asahi Linux hanno messo a punto un driver che risulta pienamente compatibile con la GPU dei SoC Apple M1 e M2. In un altro articolo abbiamo visto perché i chip Apple Silicon sono così veloci.

Si tratta di un passaggio importante e di una pietra miliare storica perché Apple Silicon resta una piattaforma chiusa interamente “non documentata”. Solo i tecnici della Mela conoscono le modalità per dialogare a basso livello con l’hardware e sfruttarne le potenzialità. Così, gli sviluppatori di Asahi Linux si sono adoperati in un’attenta attività di reverse engineering, tra le varie svolte, per risalire ai segreti più reconditi dei SoC Apple.

Perché il primo driver grafico compatibile con le GPU Apple Silicon è così importante

Come abbiamo visto nell’articolo dedicato ad Asahi Linux, questo sistema operativo non è nato solo per dimostrare che sulla piattaforma Apple Silicon (quindi sui Mac più moderni) è possibile installare ed eseguire una soluzione diversa da macOS. Asahi Linux vuole essere la dimostrazione che una piattaforma alternativa rispetto a macOS può diventare “la prima scelta” per gli utenti che desiderano sfruttare qualcosa di differente su base giornaliera.

La sviluppatrice di Asahi Linux, Alyssa Rosenzweig, ha annunciato la disponibilità del primo e unico driver al mondo, distribuito come prodotto open source, compatibile con la GPU Apple Silicon (chip M1 e M2). Il driver per la GPU Apple sviluppato in seno al progetto Asahi Linux garantisce inoltre il supporto per OpenGL ES 3.1.

OpenGL ES, acronimo di OpenGL for Embedded Systems, è una versione del popolare standard di grafica OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) progettata specificamente per dispositivi embedded, come smartphone, tablet, console portatili, IoT e altri device con risorse limitate. Si tratta di una versione ottimizzata delle librerie OpenGL sviluppata per offrire prestazioni grafiche elevate in contesti in cui le risorse hardware, come potenza di calcolo e memoria, possono risultare limitate.

Rosenzweig osserva inoltre che “il driver sviluppato ha superato decine di migliaia di test per dimostrarne l’accuratezza ed è stato già riconosciuto nel settore“. Continuando, la sviluppatrice osserva ancora: “vogliamo che gli utenti sappiano che i nostri driver Linux sono affidabili; vogliamo che siano in grado di eseguire software standard senza hack o port specifici per M1. Vogliamo dare il giusto esempio all’ecosistema“.

Come installare Asahi Linux e aggiornare il supporto GPU Apple Silicon

Gli ideatori di Asahi Linux osservano che chiunque utilizzi macOS 12.3 o successiva può installare Asahi Linux semplicemente aprendo una finestra del terminale quindi digitando il comando seguente:

curl https://alx.sh | sh

In questo modo si ottiene subito la versione più recente e aggiornata del sistema operativo. Per coloro che sono già utenti di Asahi Linux, Rosenzweig spiega che per aggiornare il supporto per la GPU Apple Silicon, basta impartire i comandi seguenti al fine di ottenere il driver grafico più recente:

dnf upgrade (Fedora)

pacman -Syu (Arch)

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