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Perché alcuni laptop Dell e HP non riproducono HEVC/H.265 nel browser?

Perché alcuni laptop Dell e HP non riproducono HEVC/H.265 nel browser?

Nonostante CPU e GPU moderne supportino pienamente il codec HEVC/H.265, diversi notebook recenti hanno l’accelerazione hardware disattivata a livello di driver o firmware.

HEVC/H.265 è uno dei codec video più diffusi nel mondo professionale, nel broadcasting, nelle videoconferenze e nelle piattaforme di streaming moderno. Da anni, sia Intel (dalla serie Core di sesta generazione) che AMD (dalla famiglia Carrizo, 2015) integrano nelle loro CPU e GPU il supporto hardware necessario per accelerarne la decodifica e la codifica. In teoria, dunque, qualsiasi notebook recente dovrebbe poter riprodurre contenuti HEVC senza difficoltà, con consumi ridotti e prestazioni elevate.

Tuttavia, negli ultimi mesi sempre più utenti di laptop Dell e HP hanno scoperto che i loro dispositivi non sono in grado di riprodurre contenuti HEVC nei browser, nonostante l’hardware supporti pienamente il codec. Il risultato è una lunga attesa con video che non partono, pesanti rallentamenti, consumo elevato di CPU e funzionalità multimediali parzialmente compromesse.

Un comportamento apparentemente inspiegabile, che però nasconde precise logiche commerciali e un quadro regolatorio complesso.

Il problema: hardware capace, funzionalità HEVC/H.265 disattivata

Come si rileva anche dalle segnalazioni apparse nei forum HP e Dell, alcuni modelli di portatili attuali sono distribuiti con l’accelerazione hardware HEVC disattivata a livello di driver o firmware. Tra i modelli confermati compaiono HP ProBook serie 400 e 600 G11, HP EliteBook serie 600 G11, HP serie 200 G9, diversi modelli Dell “standard” o “base”, inclusi convertibili e notebook da ufficio.

Sulle schede tecniche HP la disattivazione del supporto HEVC è riportata apertamente come nota esplicita: “Hardware acceleration for CODEC H.265/HEVC is disabled on this platform”.

Dell rimanda a una nota generica: solo i sistemi con GPU discreta, display 4K, Dolby Vision o software multimediale con licenza (Cyberlink) integrano la decodifica HEVC abilitata.

Il risultato è che un laptop con CPU recente — perfettamente capace di gestire HEVC — si comporta peggio di un vecchio dispositivo del 2016, almeno per quanto riguarda la riproduzione multimediale nei browser.

Gli effetti pratici per gli utenti

La disattivazione dell’hardware HEVC produce impatti immediati: molti siti video utilizzano HEVC, soprattutto servizi aziendali, piattaforme elearning e player HTML5 moderni. Senza hardware decoding la CPU sale al 70–100%, il video si blocca o non parte, si verificano desincronizzazioni audio-video, i notebook più compatti vanno rapidamente in thermal throttling.

Software come Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Webex e altri implementano funzionalità basate su pipeline HEVC, soprattutto per la sfocatura dello sfondo (background blur), la correzione video in tempo reale, l’ottimizzazione dei flussi HD su reti aziendali.

Con l’accelerazione disattivata, lo sfondo sfocato viene a sua volta disabilitato, la qualità video cala, il sistema diventa meno reattivo durante le call, i consumi energetici aumentano sensibilmente.

Perché HP e Dell hanno disattivato HEVC?

Né HP né Dell hanno esplicitato la motivazione della scelta relativa al supporto HEVC ma la logica emerge osservando i costi di licenza del codec.

A differenza ad esempio del codec AV1 (aperto e royalty-free), HEVC impone il versamento di un “obolo” sia ai produttori di chip sia ai produttori di dispositivi finali (OEM). Gli OEM devono pagare royalty per ogni dispositivo venduto che abilita la decodifica hardware. I principali detentori dei diritti sul brevetto di HEVC sono:

  • MPEG LA – $0,20 per device
  • HEVC Advance / Access Advance – fino a $1 per device
  • Via Licensing Alliance – $0,25 per device
  • Velos Media – tra $1 e $2 per device (stime non ufficiali)

Il costo complessivo può quindi superare 3 dollari per notebook. Moltiplicato per i volumi di vendita, significa decine di milioni di dollari annui solo in royalties. E nel 2025 i costi sono ulteriormente aumentati.

HP e Dell sembrano aver concentrato il versamento delle royalty sul segmento di prodotti dove i margini sono maggiori, il cliente percepisce maggiore valore, il costo ricade su macchine con dotazioni multimediali avanzate.

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