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Perché i file compressi Zip sono lenti da gestire in Windows: lo rivela ex ingegnere Microsoft

Perché i file compressi Zip sono lenti da gestire in Windows: lo rivela ex ingegnere Microsoft

L'ingegnere software ex Microsoft che ha progettato la gestione dei file Zip per Windows (insieme con il Task Manager) conferma che nulla è cambiato da 25 anni e rivela che il suo lavoro gli valse una Corvette.

Tra gli ex ingegneri software di Microsoft, uno dei più noti è certamente Dave Plummer. Il programmatore e imprenditore ha rivelato nel 2020 di essere l’inventore del Task Manager di Windows, una delle applicazioni di sistema universalmente più utilizzate per finalità di diagnostica e risoluzione dei problemi.

Plummer, tuttavia, è anche il responsabile dell’introduzione del supporto per il formato Zip nel sistema operativo Microsoft. Oggi ci sono molti modi per zippare una cartella in Windows ma un tempo era necessario affidarsi alle storiche utilità di compressione, nonostante Zip fosse un formato aperto.

Com’è entrato in Windows il supporto per il formato Zip

La funzionalità Cartelle compresse fu introdotta con il pacchetto Windows 98 Plus! per poi essere confermata in Windows Me e nei sistemi operativi successivi.

All’epoca (era il 1993), racconta Plummer, l’ingegnere lavorava su COM (Component Object Model), una tecnologia Microsoft che fornisce un modello per la creazione di componenti software riusabili e interoperabili.

A casa, e per divertimento, Plummer iniziò a scrivere un’estensione della shell per gestire il contenuto degli archivi Zip compressi con l’interfaccia di Windows 95. L’obiettivo era far apparire il contenuto dei file Zip alla stregua di normali cartelle. Il progetto crebbe rapidamente diventando un prodotto shareware battezzato VisualZIP.

All’improvviso, Plummer fu contattato da una dipendente Microsoft incaricata di risalire all’autore di quel VisualZIP, che tanto aveva impressionato i vertici dell’azienda. In realtà, dopo qualche fraintendimento iniziale, emerse che l’ingegnere lavorava già per l’azienda di Redmond. Società che a quel punto gli offrì una contropartita economica per acquisire il codice di VisualZIP e integrarlo in Windows.

“La prossima volta che aprite un file Zip su Windows pensate alla mia Corvette LT1“, racconta Plummer. Sì, perché con la somma offertagli all’epoca da Microsoft per il suo VisualZIP, l’ingegnere si comprò quell’auto (usata). Ne mostra anche la foto con un messaggio su X.

Plummer spiega perché il supporto Zip in Windows è lento ancora oggi

L’ex sviluppatore Microsoft non ha peli sulla lingua e osserva che il supporto Zip resta, ancora oggi, piuttosto lento in Windows. Questo perché il codice utilizzato dal sistema operativo dell’azienda di Redmond è lo stesso di oltre 25 anni fa ed è single-threaded. Non importa quanti core della CPU avete: la gestione dei file Zip ne usa sempre e solo uno.

Il codice, inoltre, dapprima estrae i file degli archivi Zip in una posizione temporanea, fornisce quella posizione alla shell e infine quest’ultima copia il file verso la destinazione indicata dall’utente. Ogni attività sugli archivi compressi comporta insomma una un’operazione di copia temporanea aggiuntiva.

“Si tratta di aspetti che potrebbero essere sistemati“, conclude Plummer. “Ma immagino che chiunque utilizzi abitualmente i formati di file compressi probabilmente continuerà a rivolgersi a utilità come 7-Zip e WinRAR“.

L’ingegnere aggiunge che con Windows 11 è stato inserito il supporto per altri formati compressi, compresi 7-Zip e RAR (ma anche tar, tar.gz, tar.bz2, tar.zst, tar.xz, tgz, tbz2, tzst e txz): c’è quindi la volontà di Microsoft di ottimizzare la gestione di questi generi di archivi.

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