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Raspberry Pi Connect, per accedere da remoto in tutta sicurezza

Raspberry Pi Connect, per accedere da remoto in tutta sicurezza

Come gestire una scheda Raspberry Pi a distanza in tutta semplicità. La fondazione presenta Raspberry Pi Connect, uno strumento che utilizza il noto e apprezzato protocollo WebRTC per consentire connessioni dirette, senza compromessi. Da oggi è compatibile con tutte le schede Raspberry Pi, supportando anche le connessioni SSH.

Sono tante le situazioni in cui risulta necessario accedere da remoto all’interfaccia dei single-board computer Raspberry Pi. Esistono ovviamente diversi strumenti e tecnologie per gestire a distanza una Raspberry Pi. La fondazione, nata nel 2009, ha presentato a inizio maggio 2024 Raspberry Pi Connect, un software che si propone come tool sicuro e facile da usare.

Gli strumenti esistenti per attivare una sessione di desktop remoto con le schede Raspberry Pi sono piuttosto complessi da configurare, soprattutto quando si tenta l’accesso da una rete locale diversa da quella in cui si trova il dispositivo da amministrare.

Cos’è e come funziona Raspberry Pi Connect

Per utilizzare Raspberry Pi Connect, in precedenza era obbligatorio usare la versione a 64 bit del sistema operativo Raspberry Pi Bookworm. Quest’ultimo, a sua volta, poggia il suo funzionamento sul window server Wayland. Il requisito Bookworm imponeva la necessità di usare una scheda Raspberry Pi 5, Raspberry Pi 4 o Raspberry Pi 400.

A fine giugno 2024, Raspberry Pi Connect ha ampliato il supporto alle versioni a 32 bit del sistema operativo Raspberry Pi, incluso Raspberry Pi OS Lite. Questa novità estende di fatto la possibilità di servirsi del nuovo strumento di accesso remoto e controllo a distanza su tutte le schede.

Per i dispositivi più vecchi (tra cui anche la Raspberry Pi originale del 2012), l’opzione migliore potrebbe essere Raspberry Pi Connect Lite. Con questa variante del pacchetto, non è necessario neppure un desktop environment.

Per installare Raspberry Pi Connect, si può aprire una finestra del terminale e inserire i seguenti comandi:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install rpi-connect

Il vantaggio principale di Raspberry Pi Connect è che la connessione avviene tramite browser Web: per collegarsi dal client, non è necessario servirsi di alcun software particolare. Basta semplicemente usare il programma con cui “si naviga” abitualmente. Per iniziare a usare Raspberry Pi Connect, è sufficiente effettuare una registrazione da questa pagina.

Con le schede Raspberry Pi più vecchie, sprovviste di interfaccia grafica, si può ricorrere a una connessione SSH gestita tramite browser Web. In questo caso, al posto del comando sudo apt install rpi-connect, è necessario usare sudo apt install rpi-connect-lite.

Protocollo WebRTC per stabilire una connessione diretta tra dispositivi remoti

L’approccio seguito dagli sviluppatori di Raspberry Pi Connect, segue il concetto “funziona e basta“: non sono necessarie particolari competenze tecniche per utilizzare lo strumento.

Dopo aver installato il programma Raspberry Pi Connect lato server con il comando sudo apt install rpi-connect, nella barra delle applicazioni del sistema operativo – in alto a destra – compare una nuova icona. Cliccando su Accedi, è possibile predisporre la connessione.

Connessione remota Raspberry Pi

Il collegamento tra browser Web su un dispositivo remoto e Raspberry Pi Connect, in esecuzione sul single-board computer, è stabilito utilizzando il protocollo WebRTC. Si tratta della stessa tecnologia di comunicazione in tempo reale che è alla base dei client per Zoom, Slack, Microsoft Teams e Google Meet.

Il daemon Linux chiamato rpi-connect, sviluppato per il sistema operativo Raspberry Pi, resta in ascolto delle richieste di connessione in arrivo ed è responsabile della negoziazione della migliore connessione possibile (latenza più bassa). A fare da intermediario sono i server messi a disposizione dalla fondazione Raspberry Pi: una volta stabilito il collegamento, il traffico non passa più attraverso i server cloud.

Se per qualsiasi motivo non fosse possibile stabilire una connessione diretta tra browser remoto e dispositivo Raspberry Pi, rpi-connect e browser Web possono inoltrare in modo sicuro il traffico attraverso i server Raspberry Pi, crittografandolo con il protocollo DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security).

L’idea è di mantenere gratuiti i server relay di Raspberry Pi Connect

Gli sviluppatori di Raspberry Pi Connect spiegano che al momento il servizio di connessione remota poggia su un solo relay server, fisicamente situato nel Regno Unito. Nel caso in cui rpi-connect decidesse di far transitare il traffico attraverso tale server, la latenza potrebbe essere piuttosto elevata. Passando il puntatore del mouse sull’icona del lucchetto, è possibile verificare l’utilizzo o meno del relay server.

L’intenzione di Raspberry Pi è mantenere gratuito il servizio di connessione remota, senza limiti sul numero di dispositivi. La fondazione fa comunque presente che monitorerà l’utilizzo della banda di rete per verificare come trattare le richieste di connessione in futuro.

Raspberry Pi Connect è al momento in versione beta: il software potrebbe quindi essere potenzialmente instabile e presentare qualche bug.

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